Blog Posts

A family office is a private wealth management advisory firm that provides financial, legal, and other services to a single family or a group of closely related families. It’s a type of financial institution that is set up specifically to manage the financial affairs of a wealthy family or group of families. Family offices are […]

Hedge funds and traditional asset management firms operate under starkly different business models, despite both being in the business of managing other people’s money.  They may seem similar on the surface, but their approaches to generating profits and growing their businesses are almost diametrically opposed.  This article will explore these differences, understanding why hedge funds […]

Interest rates alone don’t explain why a 10-year Treasury pays more than a 3-month bill. Interest rates are essentially the foundation of financial markets.  But the slope of the yield curve holds deeper information about risk, behavior, and expected compensation. Every Treasury yield has two components:  where short-term rates are expected to go, and  what […]

A hedge fund is a type of investment vehicle that pools together money from a group of investors and uses that money to speculate on a variety of assets, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, and derivatives. Hedge funds are typically structured as limited partnerships or limited liability companies, and are largely unregulated compared to traditional […]

Currency markets today are now shaped not just by interest rates and macro data, but by algorithms that learn, adapt, and react faster than any human can. What was once experimental is now routine, embedded in the architecture of both institutional trading desks and central bank research units. In the past, AI and automation merely […]

Tariffs are government-imposed taxes on imported goods that serve as both a revenue source and a strategic policy tool to influence trade balances, protect domestic industries, and respond to geopolitical tensions. In our current times, tariffs, debt cycles, monetary imbalances, geopolitical distrust, domestic political polarization, and deglobalization are converging to reshape capital flows, inflation dynamics, […]

When evaluating an income-producing investment like a bond fund, ETF, or mutual fund, you’ll often encounter three common yield metrics.  At first glance, they might look similar, but each tells a different story about the income potential and performance of the fund.  Let’s break down the 30-Day SEC Yield, Distribution Yield, and 12-Month Yield – […]

A situation where the S&P 500 and USD are down simultaneously is rare and potentially profitable if you know how to trade it.  This environment upends the usual risk-off playbook (long USD, long Treasuries, short risk), and that opens the door to some creative derivatives trades that capitalize on correlation shifts, macro shifts, and mispriced […]

All the methods discussed in our original article on reinforcement learning (value-based methods, policy-based methods, and model-based methods) are model-free: they directly learn from interaction with the environment without trying to understand how the environment works internally. In contrast, model-based RL involves the agent building or using a model of the environment’s dynamics. In trading, […]

The entire purpose of trading and investing is to earn more money back over time than is lost. At worst, it should preserve your purchasing power over time. Drawdowns are the one thing that should be avoided at all costs. Warren Buffett is known for his quotes on investing, one of which pertains to his […]